![]() People’s first loyalty was often to their Polis or local city. Cultural and ethnic differences were driving the Greek world apart. In the aftermath of the Persian Wars, the Greeks were unable to maintain their unity. The Greeks had combined under Sparta and Athens' leadership to defeat the Persians, then the most powerful empire in Asia. The origins of the Peloponnesian War lay in Greece's victory over the Persian Empire. ![]() The profoundly different Athens and Sparta societies were also a significant factor in the war’s outbreak, which also had an ideological aspect. Additionally, Athens and its ambitions caused increasing instability in Greece. ![]() This disagreement led to friction and eventually outright war. The two powers struggled to agree on their respective spheres of influence, absent Persia's influence. The Peloponnesian war began after the Persian Wars ended in 449 BCE. The primary causes were that Sparta feared the growing power and influence of the Athenian Empire. What was the cause of the Peloponnesian War? The origins of such a conflict are complex. The war ended the Golden Age of Athenian Culture and arguably weakened the Greek world forever. ![]() ![]() It convulsed Greece and changed the course of the Classical world. The conflict was a long drawn out war between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies. One of the most important wars in the Ancient World was the Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE). ![]()
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